Cash-register.



H. A. MARTIN.

CASH REGISTBR.-

APPLICATION FILED DEC. 28, 1912.

V 1,109,685, Patented Sept. 8, 1914.

2 SHEETS SHEET 1.

' E r wanker l/vi bmeooeo XZJQ/ flaa/Ymizfl H. MARTIN. CASH REGISTER.

APPLICATION FILED DEG.28, 1912.

Patented Sept. 8, 1914.

2 SHEETSSHEET 2.

w th wows I marrizn STATES PATENT OFFICE.

HAAKON A. MARTIN OF DAYTON, OHIO, ASSIGNOR TO THE NATIONAL CASH REGISTER COMPANY, OF DAYTON, OHIO, A CORPORATION OF OHIO, (INCORPORATED IN 1906.)

CASH-REGISTER.

Specification of Letters Patent.

- Patented Sept. 8, 1914.

Application filed December 28, 1912. Serial No. 789,017.

eluding drivers having a constant movement" but not re uiring any springs or a latches to effect di erential movement.

- of a cash register embodying the present in-.

Another object of the invention is to provide toggles for connecting the differential tion to serving as stops for spring driven differential mechanism, or as trips for latches connecting differential elements with positive drivers.

Another object of the invention is to 'provide a-plurality of guides for each denominational unit of the difierential mechanism positively to control its movement and to provide manipulative devicesfor determining with which of said guides the differential mechanism shall co-act. V

IVith these and incidental objects in view, the invention consists in certain novel features of construction and combinations of parts, the essential elements of which are set forth in appended claims, and a preferred form of embodiment of which is hereinafter described'with reference to the drawings which accompany and form part of the specification.

Figure 1 is a transverse vertical section vention. Fig. 2 is a fragmentary side ele- ,vation of a bank of keys, showing a key in depressed position. Fig. 3 is a fragmentary horizontal section of one of the banks of keys. Fig. 4 is an enlarged detail of atotalizer and its operating mechanism. Fig.

drivers for the indicators. Fig. 6 is a detail'of a cam employed to actuate the indi' cator alining devices.

This invention has to do principally with a novel differential mechanism whereby the movement of the main operating device constant in extent, may give a diflerential moveapplication for Letters Patent of the United States filed August 31, 1912, by H. A. Martin, Serial No. 718,065. The form of device differential movement as distin uished from movements known as spring driven, but the prior applicationv by disconnecting one ele ment from another after the desired differential movement is obtained. "On the contrary, the connection between the two elements is permanent and the differential movement is gotten by deflecting one ele- This permanent connection between the two elements is of such a nature'that the do flected element is effective to hold the differentially adjusted element against movement in either direction until said deflected element is restored to its normal path of movement. i

In particular a toggle is provided one end of which-is connected to be given a con- 'stant rotary movement; The other'end is connected loosely to a totalizer actuator. The toggle moves as an integral element during part of the operation and thereby adjusts the differential totalizer actuator. IVhen the desired movement has been given this actuator, one of the toggle elements strikes the depressed key and is thereby projected from its preceding normal path whereupon the movement of the totalizcr actuator ceases entirely, the toggle driving connection used is similar to the one disclosed in the prior application above mentioned and the improvement over the prior construction consists mainly in the means the one element of the toggle. vious application, the depressed key operates a form of the usual latch mechanism as a preliminary to changing the direction of 5 is a detail of a cam employed to actuate the" ment to the actuating devices for the'total-' izer and the indicating mechanism and is designed as an improvement in the differen tial mechanism shown and described in theshown herein serves to provide a positive positive movement is not obtained as in the ment from its normal or .ordinary pathwhereby the keys control the movement of In the premovement of said element. In the present construction there is no latch mechanism used and the keys are themselves so shaped as to control the movement of the toggle element. The toggle construction as a whole is claimed broadly in the earlier application, while the claims in the present application are specific to the improved means for controlling the toggle and thereby governing the movements of the differential mechanism.

The connections and the indicating and the totalizing mechanisms are shown and these are only specifically novel in the present case.

The amount keys, as is general in machines of this general type, serve to determine the extent of differential movement of the totalizer actuator but their function in this application is primarily to deflect one element of the toggle mechanism referred to, from its normal path. That is, the key does not estop the differential element or disconnect it from its driving device but serves to deflect its path into another direction. As

far as applicant is aware this mode of operation is novel in registering mechanisms.

As usual, there are nine keys 1 provided for each bank and these keys are slidable in ways 2 cut in supporting frames 3 which in turn are supported in the frame of the machine by tie bars 4. v.The keys are guided against lateral movement in said ways by flanges 5. Each keyis provided with a pin 6 normally in position to engage an inclined edge of a key detent 8 when the key is depressed. The key detent is provided with slots 9 through which extend the tie bars 4, and when a key is depressed its pin 6, by engaging an inclined edge 7 of the detent, lifts the latter. The keys'l are provided with lugs 11 at their lower ends to which are secured springs 12 extended between said lugs and pins 13 on frames 3, thus when a key is depressed its spring 12 will tend to return the key to its outer position, but the latter is retained in depressed position during the operation of the machine by the correspondin detent 9 which, for this purpose, is provided with notches 14 at the inner ends of the inclined edges 7. When pins 6 on the keys are opposite these notches a spring 15 extended between a pin on the detent and a pin on the frame 3 returns the detent slightly to engage the notches 14 with the pins 6 on depressed keys.

A bell crank lever 16 is ivoted to each key supporting frame by a pin 17. One end of each bell crank lever is pivoted by a pin 18 to one of the detents 8, the other end of 95 omitted. The depression of a key by lifting driver.

The differential mechanism comprises a plurality of segment gears 21 journaled on a shaft 22 supported in bearings in the side frames 23. One segment gear 21 is provided for each denomination up to the full capacity of the machine. The segment gears 21 are provided with slots 24 at which slots they receive their movement from the driving mechanism. Also each segment gear meshes with a segment gear 25 for actuating a corresponding denominational element in the totalizer 26, and, further, each segment gear meshes with a rack 27 by which its differential movement may be communicated to indicator setting mechanism.

The driving mechanism of the machine includes a drive shaft 28 which, in any desired manner, is given one rotation clockwise as viewed in the drawings, at each operation of the machine. Rigidly supported on shaft 28 are a pair of cams 29 having grooves 30 for engaging rollers 31 on pitmen 32. The pitmen 32 are provided with slots 33 through which drive shaft 28 asses and are thereby guided 'in their reciprocation by said shaft. At their upper ends they are pivotally connected to arms 34 fast to shaft 22. The reciprocation of pitmen 32 by the action of cams 29 results in the shaft 22 first rocking clockwise nearly 90 degrees and then returning to its original position. Rigid with shaft 22 are a plurality of arms 35 supporting at their lower ends, by pivots 36, links 37. The links 37 at then outer ends support rollers 38 passing through the slots 24 in the segment gears 21. The rollers 38 are of suflicient length to pass through slots 24 to engage the rear edges 39 of the key supports 3. Thus on the upward rocking movement of arms 35 the edges 39. of frames 3 guide rollers 38 upwardly, thus preventing them from moving along the slots 24 in segment gears 21 and thereby compel a similar clockwise rocking of the seg ment gears. The rollers 38 are not long enough to extend all the way across the edges 39 of frames 3, as shown in Fig. 3, but are suitablyproportioned to enter any one of the ways 2 in the key frames, these ways being only partly filled by the shanks of the keys. The ways 2 are, however, normally closed to rollers 38 by the cams 20 at the lower ends of the keys. The cam 20 on the zero plunger 10 is also adapted to close the corresponding way when the zero plunger" is in its outer position, but as the zero plunger is free in its inner position, or when a key is in its inner position, the upward movement of-rollei's 38 will result in their engagement witheither the cam plates on the zero plungers or the cam plates on depressed keys. On such engagement a roller 38 will ride outwardly along the edge 40' of such cam plate being thereby guided into the corresponding way 2. The rollers 38 are effective to actuate segment gears 21 when moving upwardly along the edge 39 of the. key frames, but when they enter one of the ways 2 their continued movement will be idle as far as the segments 21 are concerned as they will be guided outwardly in the ways 2 parallel to'the key and along slots 24. In this manner the desired differential movement is imparted to segments 21. If no keys are depressed the zero plungers 10 will control the movement of rollers 38 guiding the same outwardly after the segments 21 have moved but a single unit of their total'possible ten units of movement. If keys are depressed the segment. gears 21 will rock upwardly more or less before they are stoppedby engagement of rollers 38 with the cam plates 20 on such keys. In this manner any desired differential movement is imparted to segment gears 21 by driving mechanism which has a constant movement.

The normal position of each roller 38 is one unit below the zero stop 10 and accordingly when no key is depressed the roller 38 first drives segment gear 21 one unit of its total ten units of movement before the roller travels outwardly in the slot partially guided by zero stop 10.' The totalizer 26 is not engaged with its actuating racks 41 until after the first unit of movement of the driving mechanism, and, consequently, the first idle movement of all of segment gears 21, whether keys are depressed or not, does not result in rotation of the totalizer pinions. Provision is also made whereby the indicator setting mechanism is unaffected by the said idle movements of segment gears 21.

The racks 27, which are differentially sot by segment gears 21 and control the operation of the indicator setting mechanism, are guided in their movement by rods 42 passing through slots 43 in the racks. At their upper ends the racks 27 are provided with curvedslots 44. Riding in these slots are rollers 45 pivoted to the rear ends of levers 46, which at their central points are supported by stub pivots 47 on upwardly extending arms 48 of the key frames 3. At their forward ends levers 46 are pivoted by pins 49 to beams 50 which serve to connect the levers 46 with indicator setting segments 51, and are connected to the segments by pins 52 on the beams passing through slots 53 in the segments. The segment gears 51 are pro vided with rack teeth 54 meshing with pinions 55 fast to numbered indicator drums 56, and are also provided with a set of alining teeth 57 for cotiperating with alining pawls 58. The latter are all rigid on a rod 59 journaled in the side frames of the machine, and provided with a rigid arm 60 by means of which the shaft may be rocked to carry the alining pawls into and out of engagement with teeth 57. A cam 61 (Fig. 6) efiects the rocking of rod 59 through a pitman 62, bell crank 63 and link 64. The pitman 62 is guided in its reciprocation by the drive shaft 28 over whichlt is forked and has a roller 65 extending into the race of cam 61. The bell crank 63 is supported at a central point on a fixed rod 66 and at its ends is pivoted to pitman 62 and link 64 by pins 67.

Each of the beams 50 is provided at a central point, normally in line with pivot 47, with a roller 68 which is operated u on by a V shaped cam 69 fast to a shaft 0 journaled in the side frames of the machine. At each of its ends shaft 70 has rigidly fastened thereto an arm 71. Pitmen 72 are hung from these arms by pins 73 and-have at their lower ends rollers 74 (Fig. 5) extending into grooves 76 in cam disks 77 fast to drive shaft 28.

In the operation of the indicator setting mechanism the initial or first step of downward movement of racks 27, when rollers 38 of the differential mechanism move from of racks 27. Thus their forward ends are moved upwardly thereby through pins 49 rocking beams 50 upwardly around their pivots 52. The shape of the slots 44 is, of course, complementary to the rotary movement of pins 45.

Previous to the differential operation of racks 27 and mechanism controlled thereby, the alining devices 58 are withdrawn from engagement with segments 51 by the action of cam 61 (Fig. 6) and at the same time and during the differential operation of the racks 27, shaft 70 is rocked counter clockwise by cam 77 (Fig. 5) causing cams 69 to engage such of rollers 47 as are moved into their paths by movement of racks 27. The action of cams 69 is such that rollers 47 of the displaced beams 50 are returned to the normal position in which they are shown in Fig. 1 regardless of the movements or angular set- The indicator setting mechanism differs from a known setting mechanism in the action between the beams 50- and the differential mechanism, consisting in this case of the levers 46 and racks 27 having the inclined slots 44 so shaped as to permit one imit of idle Increment of the racks and to have a cumming action through levers 46 on the beams 50. In the previous mechanism the beam could assume ten different angular positions from zero to nine and also the normal position of the differential mechanism which is one step beyond the zero point. Therefore it was necessary to provide means for permitting the beams to have one idle unit of movement. In the present case also the beams 50 have ten different possible settings coinciding exactly with the ten different possible settings of the indicator drums, but the aforesaid idle movement is compensated for in the difl'eu ential mechanism.

The totalizer and its operating mechanism is shown somewhat in detail in Fig. 4 but will be but briefly described as it is in principle similar to totalizer mechanism already known. The totalizer actuating racks 41 have slots 7 8 through which pass pins 7 9 fast to supporting segment gears 25. The latter, as previously mentioned, mesh with and receive their diil erential movement from segment gears 21. The slot and pin connections between the racks 41 and the segments 25 permit one unit of relative movement between them for the purpose of effecting transfers. Such relative movement is normally prevented by pawls pivoted by pins 81 to the segments 25 and having shoulders 82 normally engaging notches 83 in racks 41. The pawls 80 also have shoulders 821 engaging the inner edges of plates 84 also supported by .pins 79 which pass through slots 85 in the plates extending radially of the shaft 86 on which the segment gears 25 are journaled. Springs 87 extending from pins 88 on pawls 80 to pins 89 on segment gears 25, normally'urge the pawls 80 to the positions in which they are shown in Fig; 4, thus causing them to engage notches '83 on racks 41 and prevent their relative movement with respect to segment gears 25 and also to engage the rear edges of plates 84, thus by spring pressure holding these in their outer positions. The outer edge of each plate 84 engages the rear edge l of a pawl 90 loose on a shaft 91 to which the totalizer supporting frame 92 is secured. Each totalizerwheel is provided with a pin i 93 so positioned that when the totalizer is Z in engagement with make 41 and the wheel passes from nine to Zero, it will engage the j nose of one of the pawls 90, rocking it rearwardly and therefore forcing the corresponding plate 84 toward shaft 86 and thus by engagement with shoulder 82 of the pawl 80 rocking the pawl clockwise against the action of its spring 87. The rocking movement of the pawl 80 effects a disengagement of its shoulder 82 from notch 83 in rack 41. The rack 41 is then driven downwardly-one unit of movement relatively of its supporting segment 25, thereby effecting an additional unit of movement of the higher order tota-lizer pinion with which it cooperates. Such movement of rack 41 is effected on the disengagement of pawl 80 by a spring driven arm 92 loosely pivoted on pin 81 and having a slot through which extends a pin 93 on rack 41 and at its rear end it has a pin 94 from which to a pin 95 on segment gear 25 is extended a spring 96. h

After operations of the totalizer have been efi'ectedsuch of the racks 41 as have been displaced in transferring operations, are restored to normal positions by arms 97 fast to a rod 98 journaled in the frames of the machine. This rod is rocked toward the end of each operation of the machine by a cam fast to drive shaft 28, the groove 99 of which is shown by broken. lines in Fig. 4. In engagement with this groove is a roller 100 on a pitman 101, slidably supported at its lower end by drive shaft 28 and at its upper end pivoted to an arm 102fast to'rod 98. The arms 97 on rods 98 cooperate with pins 103 on racks 41, engaging them and thus restoring the racks upon the rearward movement of pitmen 101.

The totaliaer 26 is engaged with its actuating racks 41 during the time that the differential mechanism is in its zero position after having been set from its normal position to zero position. It remains in mesh during the counter clockwise differential movement of segment gears 25 as driven by segment gears 21. When the segment gears are at rest in their set positions the totalizer is disengaged, and remains disengaged dur ing the remainder of the operation of the. machine. The engagement and disengagement of the totalizer is effected by rocking shaft 91 by an mm 104 fast to the shaft and pivoted to a pitman 105 which is reciprocated as required by the engagement of a cam groove 106 with a roller 107 on the pitman. I

Briefly stated the operation of the device is as follows: Desired amounts may be entered in the totalizer 26 and indicated by the indicators 56 by following the customary operation of; first depressing keys repre senting such amounts and then by a driving device effecting a single rotation of drive shaft 28 in a clockwise direction. The first few degrees of movement of drive shaft 28 resultin the indicator alining device 58 being disengaged from the indicator segments permitting their free movement, and also pitman 32, by which power is furnished to the difl'erential mechanism, is slightly lowcred, thereby rocking arms clockwise slightly, sufiicient to drive rollers 38- through arms 37 upwardly to the zero position. The pitman then remains at rest for about 30 degrees during which time cam groove 106 (Fig. 4:) eiiects the engagement of the totalizer26 with its actuating racks 41, then during the next or degrees cam groove 30 (Fig. 1) effects the continued downward movement ofpitman 32, thereby, depending upon depressed keys, either causing roller 88 to travel upwardly along the zero slots in key frames 3, or to travel'upwardly more or less along the inner edge of the key as determined by the cam 20 on such key. In this manner the desired differential movement is imparted to segment gears 21 resulting in the required addition taking place in the totalizer and also in the'diiferential adjustment of. racks 27. Up \to this point, that is, after the drive shaft has rotated about 100 to 130 degrees'the cams 69 have been gradually moving forward sooner or later engaging rollers 47 and thus centering them, and adjusting beams 50 to an angular position depending upon the setting of their pivots 49 by theactien of cam grooves 44 loo on levers 46. After the setting of the indicaters they are alined and locked in their set positions by alining devices 58 as con? trolled by cam 61 (Fig. 6) and at the same time the totaliz'er is disengaged from the actuating racks 4L The cams 6-9 are then returned to normal positions 'permitting a restoring movement of beams 47 and the diiferential mechanisms, while the indicators remain locked in their set po sitions. The restoring movement of the differential mechanism is effected by the return of pitman '32 which, by rockin arms 35 counterclockwise, causes such ro' lers 38 as are in slots 2 to be withdrawn and to travel downwardly along the inner edge of key frames 3 until they and the segment gears 21 controlled thereby arrive at normal positions, as shown in Fig. 1. Finally, just be .f'orethe machine comes to restthe transfer restoring arms 97 are rocked upwardly to restore any of the racks .41 which may have been employed for tr'ansierring, and the arms are then returned to normal position.

Many accounting machines employing the same general principle of operation as the present one does, that is, where accounting devices are operated on one direction of movement of oscillating or reciprocating segment gears and racks, include springs for driving the differential mechanism or provide for some sort of latching devices for connecting their differential segments or racks with some positively driven member.

, The differential mechanism provided by the present invention requires neither springs nor latches, a constant movement being employed to efiect the diiierential'operation of the accounting devices by the directing power of the keys.

' Thus the object's primarily set out are seen to be accomplished by the construction provided. The keys deflect one element of the toggle mechanism from its normal path thereby preventing further movement of the totalizer actuator but there is not the shock to the machine by this operation that is given by the disconnecting of one element from another or by the rapid movement of a spring-drawn element.

While the form of mechanism herein shown and described is admirably adapted to fulfil the objects primarily stated, it is to be understood that it is not intended to confine the invention tothe one form of embodiment herein shown and described, as it is susceptible of embodiment in various forms, all coming within the scope of the claims which follow. p

1. In a machine of the class described,

the combination with an accounting device,

of an actuator there-for, means for driving said actuator comprising a pair of levers pivoted end to end, the remaining end i one of said levers having a fixed pivot, and the remaining end of the other lever having connections to said actuator, means for rock ing said levers as a unit around the fixed pivot, and means for also giving said levers a differential relative movement around the pivot connecting the two and thereby control the extent of movement of said actuator.

2. In a machine of the class described, the combination with an accounting device, of actuators therefor, means having a constant movement for driving said actuators, and

mani ulative devices adapted to be difier for said toothed member, a toggle conncting said toothed member and driver, a roller on said toggle extending into said slot, and means for moving said roller along said slot thereby to re 'late the extent of movement of said toot ed member on the operation of said driver.

. 4. In a machine of the class described, the

combination with an accounting device, of a toothed member for actuating the account ing device, a slot in said member, a driver for said toothed member, a toggle connecting said toothed member and driver, a roller on said toggle extending into said slot,

means for moving said roller along said slot thereby to regulate the extent of movement of said toothed member on the operation of said driver, and means for imparting an invariable movement to said driver.

5. In a machine of the class described, the combination with an accounting device, of a pivoted gear element for actuating the accounting device, a slot in said gear element, a toggle pivoted concentric with the gear element atoneend and at its other end having a roller extending into said slot, means for rocking said toggle around its pivot and thereby through the roller driving said gear element, and means for idly expending any desired part of the. movement of said toggle by permitting its roller to move along said slot.

6. In a machine of the class described, the combination with an accounting mechanism and a gear actuator therefor, of a toggle connected at one end to said actuator .to drive it, means for driving said actuator by moving said toggle as an integral element, and devices permitting relative movement of the parts of said toggle thereby holding said actuator against movement.

- 7. In a machine of the class described, the combination with an accounting device, of an actuator therefor, a member connected to drive said actuator, and means for giving said member a constant movement, a frame having a plurality of slots extending away from the path of movement of said member, and means for deflecting said member from its normal path into any one of said slots.

8. In a machine of the class described, the combination with an accounting device, of an actuator for the accounting device, a frame having slots for guiding said actua tor, keys depressible into the path of said actuator and constructed to contact therewith to cause the same to be guided into the slot corresponding to the key depressed, a device which normally controls the path of movement of said actuator, and connections from said keys to make said device inoperative.

9. In a machine of the class described, the combination with an accounting device, of an actuator 'for the accounting device, an element driving said actuator, a frame having slots, manipulative devices slidahly mounted in said slots, cams on said manipulative devices constructed to cause said element to be moved into any desired slot when the respective manipulative devices is positioned to make its cam effective.

10. In a machine of the class described,

the combination with accounting mechanism, of operating mechanism therefor, a plurality of depressible keys, and cams carried by said keys for controlling said operating mechanism.

11. In a machine of the class described, the combination with accounting mechanism, of differentially movable actuators therefor, a set of driving elements for the actuators having a constant movement at each operation of the machine, selective manipulative means, and links permanently connecting the driving elements and the actuators rendered ineffective to drive the actuators at times during the operation of the driving elements dependent upon the manipulative means selected.

12. In a machine of the class described,

the combination with accounting mecha-v nism, of difl'erentially movable actuators therefor, driving mechanism for the actuators having a constant movement at each operation of the machine including normally unextended toggle connections to the actuators, a series of keys, and means carried by the keys normally retaining the toggle connections in their unextended condition, said retaining means being disabled by operation of the keys at desired points in the movement of the driving mechanism to permit the extending of the toggle connections during further movement of the driving mechanism without further driving of the actuators.

13. In a machine of the class described, the combination with an invariably moved element, of an element to be difierentially positioned by the invariably moved element, a link having its opposite ends connected to the invariably moved element and the differential element and normally forming a driving connection between said elements, keys, and means carried by said keys for controlling said link to determine the extent of movement imparted to the differential element by the invariably moved element.

14. In a machine of the class described, the combination with an operating mechanism having an invariable extent of movement, of mechanism to be differentially operated by said operating machanism, a series of manipulative devices, and cams arranged to be selectively positioned by said manipulative devices to determine the extent of movement to be imparted to the differential mechanism by an operation of the operating mechanism.

15. In a machine of the class described, the combination with an operating mechanism comprising an invariably moved element of a diflerentially movable element, an element permanently connecting the invariably moved element and the dilt'erentially movable element, said connecting element being controllable to form a driving connection between the invariably moved lIO element and the difierentially movable element and then hold the latter in the position to which it is moved regardless of the movement of the former element, and manipulative means for controlling said connecting element.

16. In a machine of the class described, the combination with an operating mechanism comprising an invariably moved element, of a differentially ,movable element, an element permanently connecting the invariably moved element and the difierentially movable element, said connecting element being controllable to'form a driving connection between the invariably moved element and the difierentially movable element andthenliold the latter in the position to which it is driven regardless of further movement of the former element, a

series of keys, and cams carried by said keys for controlling said connecting element.

17,111 a machine of theclass described, the combination with an operating mechanism having an invariable extent of movement, of an element .to be differentially positioned by operations of said operating mechanism, a toggle connecting the operatdevices to cause relative movement of said parts. 7

In testimony whereof I aflix my signature in the presence of two witnesses.

HAAKON A. MARTIN.

lrVitnesses:

J. BYRON RIoKnT'rs, CARL BEUs'r. 

